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Evaluation of dietary intake in Danish adults by means of an index based on food-based dietary guidelines
Vibeke K. Knudsen,Sisse Fagt,Ellen Trolle,Jeppe Matthiessen
Food & Nutrition Research , 2012, DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.17129
Abstract: Background: Data on dietary intake and physical activity has been collected from a representative sample of the Danish population from 2003–2008. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to describe the habitual diet in Denmark and to evaluate the overall diet quality using a diet quality index based on the National Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG), which consists of seven guidelines regarding diet and one regarding physical activity. Design: Data from the Danish National Survey of Diet and Physical Activity 2003–2008 (n=3354) were included. The diet quality index was constructed based on five of the seven dietary guidelines. Individuals were categorised according to quartiles of the diet quality index, and food and nutrient intakes were estimated in each of the groups. Results: Macronutrient distribution did not meet recommendations in any of the groups, as energy from total fat and especially saturated fat was too high. A high intake of high-fat milk products, fat on bread and processed meat contributed to a high intake of total fat and saturated fat, and sugar-sweetened soft drinks contributed to a high intake of added sugars in the group below the lowest quartile of the diet quality index. Individuals above in the highest quartile had higher intakes of ‘healthy foods’ such as fish, fruit and vegetables, rye bread, and also a higher consumption of water and wine. Overall, intakes of micronutrients were sufficient in all groups. Conclusions: The diet quality index is a useful tool in assessing food and nutrient intake in individuals with high vs. low degree of compliance towards the dietary guidelines, and provides a valuable tool in future studies investigating variations in dietary intakes with respect to lifestyle, demographic and regional differences in Denmark.
National outbreak of Salmonella typhimuriumwith preference for infants  [PDF]
Lotte Jensen, Vibeke Rosenfeldt, Jenny Dahl Knudsen
Open Journal of Pediatrics (OJPed) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ojped.2013.31005
Abstract:

Purpose: During a large outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) inDenmarkin 2008, a remarkable high incidence was observed among children below the age of 1 year. Therefore we performed this retrospective study to describe the epidemiology, severity and outcome among a subset of children in this age-group. Methods: Cases were identified for the years 2000-2009 through a register at the Department of Clinical Microbiology atHvidovreHospital, in theCopenhagenarea,Denmark. For hospitalized patients below 1 year with S. typhimurium, the medical record was reviewed. Results: The highest incidence for S. typhimurium was observed in 2008 with 315 cases per 100,000 among children below 1 year. In 2008 significantly more children age <6 months were admitted to the hospital compared to infants 6 - 12 months. The duration of symptoms before admittance was shorter among the infants in 2008, compared to the group consisting of infants in other years 2000- 2009 (p = 0.04). None of the children had bacteremia or meningitis, and none of the children died. Conclusion: During the S. typhimurium outbreak in 2008, the incidence was especially high among infants age under 1 year. The infants in 2008 might have been slightly more affected than other years 2000-2009.

Additive Spanners: A Simple Construction
Mathias B？k Tejs Knudsen
Computer Science , 2014,
Abstract: We consider additive spanners of unweighted undirected graphs. Let $G$ be a graph and $H$ a subgraph of $G$. The most na\"ive way to construct an additive $k$-spanner of $G$ is the following: As long as $H$ is not an additive $k$-spanner repeat: Find a pair $(u,v) \in H$ that violates the spanner-condition and a shortest path from $u$ to $v$ in $G$. Add the edges of this path to $H$. We show that, with a very simple initial graph $H$, this na\"ive method gives additive $6$- and $2$-spanners of sizes matching the best known upper bounds. For additive $2$-spanners we start with $H=\emptyset$ and end with $O(n^{3/2})$ edges in the spanner. For additive $6$-spanners we start with $H$ containing $\lfloor n^{1/3} \rfloor$ arbitrary edges incident to each node and end with a spanner of size $O(n^{4/3})$.
Endotracheal intubation with airtraq？ versus storz？ videolaryngoscope in children younger than two years - a randomized pilot-study
Martin K Soerensen, Rolf Holm-Knudsen
BMC Anesthesiology , 2012, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2253-12-7
Abstract: Ten children aged 2？years or younger scheduled for elective cleft lip/palate surgery were included. The anesthesia was standardized and a Cormack-Lehane (CL)-score was obtained using a Macintosh laryngoscope. After randomization CL-score and endotracheal tube positioning in front of the glottis was performed with one device, followed by the same procedure and intubation with the other device. The video-feed was recorded along with real-time audio. The primary endpoint was the success rate, defined as intubation in first attempt. Secondary endpoints were the time from start of laryngoscopy to CL-score, tube positioning in front of the glottis, and intubation.Two intubation attempts were needed in two of five patients randomized to the SVL. The difference in time (SVL vs. AOL) to CL-score was 4.5？sec (p？=？0.0449). The difference in time (SVL vs. AOL) to tube positioning was 11.6？sec (p？=？0.0015). Time to intubation was 29.0？sec for SVL and 15.8？sec for AOL.No difference in the success rate of endotracheal intubation could be established in this ten patient sample of children younger than two years with a normal airway assessment scheduled for elective cleft lip/palate surgery. However, the Airtraq？ Optical videolaryngoscope showed a number of time related advantages over the Storz？ videolaryngoscope. Because of the small sample size a larger trial is needed to confirm these findings. Both devices were considered safe in all intubations.ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier NCT01090726.
Review of Survey activities 2011: Anorthosites in Greenland: a possible raw material for aluminium?
Knudsen, K.,Wanvik, J.,Svahnberg, H.
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin , 2012,
Abstract:
Patient Perspectives of Sharing Experiences in Group-Based Diabetes Education: A Second-Order Analysis  [PDF]
Vibeke Stenov, Ingrid Willaing
Psychology (PSYCH) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/psych.2016.71003
Abstract: The study aimed to develop a second-order theoretical analysis based on qualitative interviews exploring the experiences of persons with diabetes attending group-based diabetes education. Bruner’s cultural psychology and White and Epston’s narrative therapy provided a theoretical foundation for the analysis. The analysis indicated that telling and listening to stories from everyday life with diabetes in a peer group can assist participants in reinterpreting ways of living with diabetes. Sharing experiences with peers in group-based diabetes education seems to be supportive and useful when individuals are trying to find strategies to cope with diabetes in everyday life.
A Submillimetre Selected Quasar in the Field of Abell478
K. K. Knudsen,P. P. van der Werf,W. Jaffe
Physics , 2003, DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20031291
Abstract: We present the discovery of a dusty quasar, SMMJ04135+10277, located behind the galaxy cluster Abell 478. The quasar was discovered as the brightest source in a submillimetre survey of high redshift galaxies lensed by foreground rich clusters of galaxies in a project aimed at studying the cosmic star formation history of dusty galaxies. With submm fluxes of S_850 = 25+-2.8 mJy and S_450 = 55+-17 mJy this object is one of the brightest submillimetre sources known. Optical observations revealed a quasar with redshift z=2.837. The quasar was also detected at shorter infrared wavelengths with the Infrared Space Observatory. This object is the first quasar discovered by its submm emission. Given the general lack of overlap between deep submm and X-ray samples, usually interpreted as a low incidence of active nuclei in submm samples, this is an unusual object. Analysis of number counts of quasars and of submm galaxies bears out this suggestion. We compare the properties of SMMJ04135+10277 to those of optically selected quasars with submm emission, and argue that the optical faintness results from a large viewing angle with the direction of relativistic beaming, and not from abnormally high extinction. We also find indications that the bulk of the submm flux density is not powered by the quasar nucleus. This conclusion is supported by analysis of the infrared spectral energy distribution. These results are consistent with previous observations that quasars at higher redshift tend to have a more prominent cold dust component, most likely powered by extended star formation in the host galaxy. The quasar is found to have a total infrared luminosity of (2.9+-0.5)x10^13 L_sun, dominated by the emission from cool dust. (Abridged)
A Submillimeter Selected Quasar in the Field of Abell 478
K. K. Knudsen,P. P. van der Werf,W. Jaffe
Physics , 2000,
Abstract: We report the discovery of a z=2.83 quasar in the field of the cooling flow galaxy cluster Abell 478. This quasar was first detected in a submm survey of star forming galaxies at high redshifts, as the brightest source. We discuss the optical spectrum and far-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) of this object.
Review of Survey activities 2012: Titanium minerals in Cameroon
Knudsen, C.,Penaye, J.,Mehlsen, M.,McLimans, R.K.
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin , 2013,
Abstract:
An ocean modelling and assimilation guide to using GOCE geoid products
K. Haines,J. Johannesson,P. Knudsen,D. Lea
Ocean Science Discussions (OSD) , 2010, DOI: 10.5194/osd-7-1849-2010
Abstract: We review the procedures and challenges that must be considered when using geoid data derived from the Gravity and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) mission in order to constrain the circulation and water mass representation in an ocean general circulation model. It covers the combination of the geoid information with time-mean sea level information derived from satellite altimeter data, to construct a mean dynamic topography (MDT), and considers how this complements the time-varying sea level anomaly, also available from the satellite altimeter. We particularly consider the compatibility of these different fields in their spatial scale content, their temporal representation, and in their error covariances. These considerations are very important when the resulting data are to be used to estimate ocean circulation and its corresponding errors. We describe the further steps needed for assimilating the resulting dynamic topography information into an ocean circulation model using three different operational forecasting and data assimilation systems. We look at methods used for assimilating altimeter anomaly data in the absence of a suitable geoid, and then discuss different approaches which have been tried for assimilating the additional geoid information. We review the problems that have been encountered and the lessons learned in order the help future users. Finally we present some results from the use of GRACE geoid information in the operational oceanography community and discuss the future potential gains that may be obtained from a new GOCE geoid.
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